Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinol when reduced) is an essential mitochondrial cofactor that participates in the electron transport chain. Levels decline with age and with statin use. Used as a heart-failure supplement and for energy. Not stocked by Kodiac. This monograph is provided for research and educational reference.
Intrigue 0–100 blends mechanism novelty, evidence strength, and translational potential. Kodiac editorial, not peer-reviewed.
Endogenous mitochondrial cofactor
An endogenous redox cofactor of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, declining with age and statin use, sold as a dietary supplement.
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10, ubiquinone; CAS 303-98-0; molecular formula C59H90O4; molecular weight 863.34) is an endogenous redox cofactor essential for mitochondrial electron transport between Complex I/II and Complex III. The compound is synthesized from tyrosine and the mevalonate pathway; statin use reduces endogenous synthesis through HMG-CoA reductase inhibition (the same pathway used for cholesterol synthesis). Plasma and tissue CoQ10 decline with age. Supplementation has been studied for cardiovascular function (heart failure, hypertension), statin-associated muscle symptoms, and migraine prophylaxis. Bioavailability of the oxidized form (ubiquinone) is poor; the reduced form (ubiquinol) has 3- to 5-fold better bioavailability and is the preferred supplemental form for elderly subjects with reduced redox capacity. Doses are typically 100 to 400 mg per day of ubiquinol or higher of ubiquinone.
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FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. Not for medical, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes. Not for human consumption. All information is provided for research and educational purposes only.